Outbound marketing is where your customers find you through more traditional ways of marketing such as TV, Radio, Direct mail etc. This can be seen as interruption based marketing and is a lot more intrusive than inbound marketing.
Inbound marketing is the opposite, this can be seen as permission based marketing. This can be where you share insights with people looking for a specific service or product that you provide. This can be through Social media, blogs etc.
For more marketing online activities, I would suggest doing a bit of research on SEO/ online marketing strategies. A useful tool out there to monitor a website for free is Google Analytics, this can provide a lot of helpful information for a company to monitor their traffic, paid search, target audience etc.