Broadly, if you're starting from scratch on a sending domain with no or low reputation, definitely use a relay service rather than any random mail server, whether it's an Exchange or a SMTP server.
The basic rules of sending mail are straightforward - have DMARC and DKIM records in your domain with an optional SPF record and increase your sending gradually over a couple of weeks and you're less likely to have mail drop into Google or Outlook spam folders.
However, deliverability also depends on your domain's reputation and the quality of your mailing lists - it only takes a small number of recipients to mark a mail as spam or for addresses to bounce, and your domain's reputation drops - I've seen a 2.72% fail rate mentioned for Google.
Where relay services are concerned, SES's strength is that its very good to automate and is primarily for transactional email and you need to look at its cost per transaction. Other sending services are arguably better for straightforward list sending and if everything is set up properly as above, the big names will all do as well.