Unexpected huge HMRC C18 claim for past unpaid Import Duties & Vat on mistaken commodity codes by Clearing Agent.

Original Post:

UKMOS

Business Member
Jun 15, 2024
11
5
Southend On Sea
Hi

HMRC recently has issued me with a huge amount for unpaid Import duties & vat on past imports from China. It all started in June 2023 with one of our container being seized and taken from Flx port to their storing premises. They concluded that the wrong commodity codes were used by our clearing Agents on the Customs Entry which should have been different ones that have an extra applicable Anti Dumping Duty Rate of 48.5% . We have been using the same reputable clearing agent for the past 8 years who have been established for over 100 years. They admitted in their email which was forwarded to HMRC that they had always applied only 2 commodity codes to our goods for the past few years, and these were deemed acceptable by HMRC.

This is an excerpted paragraph from our agent’s email to me about the usage of these wrong commodity codes:
Any entries prior to this we can assume are incorrect, as you weren’t paying anti-Dumping Duty prior to the container being seized. We were using the commodity
Codes, which I believed were correct at the time and the containers were being cleared by HMRC without any issues. But following the seizure of the container in June, we can assume that the codes used on some of the previous entries have been incorrect. Hence the fact that we now complete your entries in a different way.”


We made our appeal to HMRC showing that this was an honest mistake on the part of our agent and that there was no bad faith on our part with intent to avoid Anti-dumping duties. There was also no plausible reason to question our clearing agent when the same 2 commodity codes were being accepted on all our imports by HMRC which was never questioned over the past 6 years. The container was eventually released after almost 3 months with a restoration fee and the Anti-dumping duty that was owing on this container and with no penalty charge. I would just like to highlight here that in our appeal to HMRC for the restoration of the container, it was clearly understood that we only became aware of the application of the incorrect commodity codes by our clearing agent at the time of the seizure and therefore all imports from before this had had the same 2 erroneous commodity codes on their entries. However, after this hurdle we made every endeavour and worked closely with our clearing agent to make sure that this mistake was never repeated again.

However moving forward from June 2023 with the seized container incident, almost one year later we received a letter from HMRC (Compliance Check)who were making inquiries into our past imports dating back to 3 years They wanted all the information on 10 imports, (7 imports before the seizure and 3 imports after the seizure). The information was supplied to them and 5 months later they wrote back slapping us with a huge bill of £30,000, representing unpaid anti dumping duties on 5 previous containers. Two of the imports date back to more than 3 years which HMRC did not include in their demand and the 3 imports after the seizure , all the duties, anti-dumping duties and vat were paid correctly on these. We were given the right to appeal, which we did but the original decision was upheld.

We have now been served with a C18 demand for £30,000 for unpaid Anti Dumping Duties and VAT on those 5 entries This demand is for settlement within 30 days but has also given the right to appeal again and reviewed by an independent HMRC official from another office. As the sole Director of the company and now past 70 years of age, I thought going through the Covid period and the lengthy 3 months seizure of our container would be truly the end of the Storm. Further to this, our family online business is currently going through a difficult time with sales going down to extremely unprecedented levels which is making me think about insolvency preparation.


At this juncture, I would like to think there is still some hope where HMRC can reduce this bill significantly or even write it off.

Is there any exception to the rule in my case which can be used as mitigation against this demand?

I have been informed that at the time of the imports, if HMRC did not notify me of the unpaid anti-dumping duties and vat charges, then it can be argued that i was unaware of the liabilities and not given the opportunity to pay. Therefore, it is unreasonable to be penalised with a sudden payment demand for 5 imports which will seriously cripple my business.

I have also been informed that HMRC has a responsibility to inform me of these liabilities within a reasonable time frame. Can one year down the line ( after the seizure) be considered a reasonable time frame especially as they were already aware that the 2 wrong commodity codes had always been applied to all my previous imports. What surprised me, is after so many years using these 2 wrong commodity codes which both my agent and HMRC could not detect, yet in spite of this obvious shared blame, I as the importer is having to accept the full blame which in my opinion is so unfair.

Furthermore, as HMRC failed to detect these mistakes for such a long time span , can it be argued that they also have a share in the blame and it would again be unreasonable for my company to be penalised with a payment demand for 5 imports.

Thank you for taking the time to read my case. I would greatly appreciate any advice, feedback, or your own experience that can help my position in this matter.

Best Wishes

MOS
 
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ChrisCallaghan

Free Member
  • Business Listing
    Apr 10, 2018
    1,196
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    Sheffield
    Hi @UKMOS ,

    I'll keep my message brief. I'm not familiar with the issues you are facing. I could be wrong, but your dilemma sounds incredibly specialised, and I'm unsure if any members here on UKBF will be able to offer any advice, but 🤞 there is someone on this forum who has expertise in this area, and comes along with their thoughts.

    Further to this, our family online business is currently going through a difficult time with sales going down to extremely unprecedented levels which is making me think about insolvency preparation.

    If you feel you would benefit from a chat about insolvency options, I (or any of the regular insolvency advisors here on UKBF) would be happy to help.

    I always stress that to talk to an insolvency advisor is not an admission that your company is insolvent or a commitment to go ahead with an insolvency process. It is just a chat about the options available and how they fit with your current circumstances. A chat with myself is confidential and without obligation - I hope you don't need such advice, but please DM if you'd like a chat.
     
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    Frank the Insurance guy

    Business Member
  • Business Listing
    Oct 28, 2020
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    meadowbroking.co.uk
    Hi @UKMOS ,

    Sorry to hear of your situation, which clearly came out of the blue!

    Unfortunately, it is unlikely that the tax will be reduced or written off - Your best option is to try and negotiate a reasonable period of time to pay.

    I see this in the same was as any other tax situation. If your Accountant incorrectly worked out your personal tax and HMRC raised this a couple of years later, you would still be liable for 100% of the correct tax. Your Accountant would not be responsible for this.

    However, if you have suffered a "financial loss" as a result of the error of your clearing agent, you may have cause to pursue the clearing agent for this financial loss. This financial loss is not the tax amount due, but other financial losses you incurred as a result of their error (Example - is that you have invested/tied up £30K and to withdraw it early you would be charged additional penalties - these penalties would be seen as a financial loss).
     
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    Newchodge

    Moderator
  • Business Listing
    Nov 8, 2012
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    Do you operate as a ltd company or as a sole trader?

    Is HMRC asking you to pay more than you would have paid at the time if the correct codes had been used?
     
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    Sorry to hear about this issue.

    Did you know ADD was applicable on the products?

    Ultimately, it is your responsibility to ensure that the correct taxes and fees are payable. Your fight now appears to be with the agent and not HMRC.

    Do you have the communication with the agent re what CC's should have been used? If they suggested the wrong one, claim against their PI insurance.

    Back in the day when I imported 1 million + TV's a year into the UK, we had to be so careful about origin as anything with a Chinese tube had a massive ADD. Many tried to get around it, but the only way was to import components and assemble in the UK, however, the tube was such a large part of the BOM that it was at best marginal.

    Looks like you need proper legal advice.
     
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    Lisa Thomas

    Business Member
    Business Listing
    Apr 20, 2015
    5,443
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    1,441
    www.parkerandrews.co.uk
    Hello

    Sorry to hear about your issue, that sounds extremely stressful.

    You mention you have appealed so does this mean you have an accountant acting for you, as they are the best person to advise you.

    Happy to throw my hat in the ring if you would like a second opinion for insolvency advice, after speaking with Chris, if you decide that's something you wish to explore in due course.
     
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    Frank the Insurance guy

    Business Member
  • Business Listing
    Oct 28, 2020
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    meadowbroking.co.uk
    Do you have the communication with the agent re what CC's should have been used? If they suggested the wrong one, claim against their PI insurance.

    Their PI Insurance will not pay the tax/duty that was due - this was always due from you, therefore you cannot ask someone else to pay tax you owe. The PI Insurers will only pay other additional financial losses (see my previous post above #3)
     
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    Frank, surely there is an argument that on the agents advice they did not pay the ADD and sold products based on the reduced landed costs, making a loss on each sale (assumption)? Therefore they are being hit twice.
     
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    Frank the Insurance guy

    Business Member
  • Business Listing
    Oct 28, 2020
    1,324
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    meadowbroking.co.uk
    Frank, surely there is an argument that on the agents advice they did not pay the ADD and sold products based on the reduced landed costs, making a loss on each sale (assumption)? Therefore they are being hit twice.

    Potentially - they would need to make the claim as a financial loss of revenue or profit (not a claim for tax they have to pay).

    As part of their claim they would need to be able to demonstrate how the agent's error caused the financial loss.

    The Agents PI Insurer will make their own investigations and may challenge the claimants on this.

    If the claimant had known the true tax position, and increased their sale price.....would they have sold the same quantities or would the products be uncompetitive at that price point?

    Key is likely to be, had the OP been aware of the true tax position - what would they have done differently and what would there financial position be now in comparison?

    Unfortunately many hypotheticals, needing proper legal advice!

    @UKMOS - Do you have Business Insurance. If so, you may find that you have access to free legal advice and also possible legal costs cover which can help.
     
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    Customs Geek

    Free Member
  • Oct 27, 2022
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    Midlands
    Hi UKMOS

    I am sorry to hear about your situation. You may struggle to do any more than ask for a time to pay arrangement. It will only be the customs duty that will stick as you should be able to to recover the VAT in the same way as you usually do when you import.

    It might not seem fair but the declaration to HMRC of the commodity codes (and value and origin etc) is up to the importer to determine even if you employ an agent to do this on your behalf. It’s still up to you to check they do it correctly. After all they don’t know your product like you do.
    The Customs agent is most likely protected because when you employ a customs agent you will have been asked to provide authorisation for them to act towards customs on your behalf . They probably call this a power of Attorney but that will still require you to provide the correct information for them to declare . If they have declared commodity codes of their choosing rather than the ones you provided then you have a commercial dispute with your customs agent.
    HMRC will however still hold the importer legally liable for the debts so it’s unlikely that any argument about being unaware of the declarations made on your behalf will alter their view. It could even worsen the situation if HMRC think you have been careless or negligent

    HMRC do have up to three years after the import to audit the imports and if they find errors issue a C18. If they think the errors are intentional they can go back further.
    Just because the codes were accepted at the time of import it doesn’t mean that HMRC have checked they are correct for the goods imported. Few entries have the paperwork checked and even fewer are subject to physical inspection. You therefore can never assume that because it’s not been questioned before that everything is OK.
    Once HMRC or Border Force identify an error they are very likely to go back over prior imports as they have done in your case. It’s worth noting that HMRC and Border Force don’t always get the commodity codes correct themselves so it’s that or their procedures that would be your case for review or appeal.


    There should be three stages to contest an assessment. First is a right to be heard , second is a request for an independent internal review and lastly an appeal to tribunal.
    It’s not clear what stage you are at but it’s likely that you can still make a request for internal review. A tribunal involves litigation and gets very expensive. Although the sum involved is large to you it’s tiny when it comes to legal bills.


    It’s unlikely an accountant would be able to help as they are generally not experts in customs matters. You need a customs advisor or specialist who understands HMRC processes and be able to give you an honest view of your chances.
     
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    UKMOS

    Business Member
    Jun 15, 2024
    11
    5
    Southend On Sea
    Hi @UKMOS ,

    I'll keep my message brief. I'm not familiar with the issues you are facing. I could be wrong, but your dilemma sounds incredibly specialised, and I'm unsure if any members here on UKBF will be able to offer any advice, but 🤞 there is someone on this forum who has expertise in this area, and comes along with their thoughts.



    If you feel you would benefit from a chat about insolvency options, I (or any of the regular insolvency advisors here on UKBF) would be happy to help.

    I always stress that to talk to an insolvency advisor is not an admission that your company is insolvent or a commitment to go ahead with an insolvency process. It is just a chat about the options available and how they fit with your current circumstances. A chat with myself is confidential and without obligation - I hope you don't need such advice, but please DM if you'd like a chat.
    Thank you Chris for your offer.
    Kind regards
    Mo
     
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    scstock

    Free Member
    Mar 27, 2009
    270
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    www.musictrack.co.uk
    So sorry to hear of this. I had a similar situation 15 years ago when the transition from a "mk2" generation of products to a "mk3" generation changed their Customs Classification from one that attracted 0% Import Duty to one that attracted 3.7% Duty. I was not aware of this technical distinction at the time.

    After a stressful year-long investigation during which I engaged the services of a Customs Import specialist had a C18 demand for c. £20k ; at the time I had no option but to fund this personally.
     
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    UKMOS

    Business Member
    Jun 15, 2024
    11
    5
    Southend On Sea
    So sorry to hear of this. I had a similar situation 15 years ago when the transition from a "mk2" generation of products to a "mk3" generation changed their Customs Classification from one that attracted 0% Import Duty to one that attracted 3.7% Duty. I was not aware of this technical distinction at the time.

    After a stressful year-long investigation during which I engaged the services of a Customs Import specialist had a C18 demand for c. £20k ; at the time I had no option but to fund this personally.
    Thank you for empathising with me and using your time to share your experience. I hope, as you said, to find a Customs Import specialist who can help me through my situation.
    Kind regards
    Mos
     
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    scstock

    Free Member
    Mar 27, 2009
    270
    81
    www.musictrack.co.uk
    Thank you for empathising with me and using your time to share your experience. I hope, as you said, to find a Customs Import specialist who can help me through my situation.
    Kind regards
    Mos

    I just dug out the details of who I used - looks like they're still going !


    Barbara Scott was very helpful and knowledgeable, I couldn't have done without her help.
     
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    UKMOS

    Business Member
    Jun 15, 2024
    11
    5
    Southend On Sea
    I just dug out the details of who I used - looks like they're still going !


    Barbara Scott was very helpful and knowledgeable, I couldn't have done without her help.
    Thank you. Did you have to pay them much? Do you think they have expertise with loopholes which can help me get off this huge C18 demand ? My case was clearly without intent of avoiding payment of duties and vat as our clearing agent admitted they thought they were doing the customs entries correctly during all these years considering that HMRC had no issues with them.

    Kind regards
    Mos
     
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    scstock

    Free Member
    Mar 27, 2009
    270
    81
    www.musictrack.co.uk
    Thank you. Did you have to pay them much? Do you think they have expertise with loopholes which can help me get off this huge C18 demand ? My case was clearly without intent of avoiding payment of duties and vat as our clearing agent admitted they thought they were doing the customs entries correctly during all these years considering that HMRC had no issues with them.

    As I recall their rates were commensurate with the high degree of specialisation and expertise involved i.e. not cheap.

    They can't wave a magic wand - I had to pay what was owed - but their guidance was very useful.
     
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    UKMOS

    Business Member
    Jun 15, 2024
    11
    5
    Southend On Sea
    As I recall their rates were commensurate with the high degree of specialisation and expertise involved i.e. not cheap.

    They can't wave a magic wand - I had to pay what was owed - but their guidance was very useful.
    Hi, i did contact Barbara. She is a real Gem! Her professionalism is truly outstanding. She is so honest and trustworthy. Her advice is gold. For Import Customs and Anti Dumping Import Duties, she is a real resource for Businesses who are looking for good Customs consultants. SCstock was a great help to me also.
     
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