A client discussion will yield an initial number of terms which, when combined with some 'think like a buyer', are used as a seed list of synonyms.
That seed list of synonyms is run through numerous keyword tools to get a painfully large list of keywords, search volumes and competition, which are often fed back through again for another iteration to get an even larger list.
That list is then triaged based on search volume and competition, where the phrases are reviewed manually to determine which ones are a part of the buy process, and kept, and those which are informational/navigational and chucked out.
Now that the list is down to the core group of terms which should theoretically drive sales, if they were ranking well, the list is fired through one of a couple of tools to get a look at what's the top 5 ranking sites look like. Things like Domain Authority / Page Authority / Domain Age / Inbound Link Profile etc, are taking into account to determine whether we can reasonably expect to rank top 5 in a timely manner, given their sense of urgency, budget, and ability to either fund content creation or create it themselves.
The now shrunk list is then manually punched into Google to see what the competition really looks like. Actual context of search results are examined. Are these results representative of the competition? Is this where a buyer would really go to look for results? This must be done, since often times some of the phrases will yield informational, educational, governmental or other links which are not a part of the buy cycle, and thus be punted.
The remaining list are prioritized with highest volume and lowest competition, in descending order and run against the rank checker to see where the client site already ranks. If it's got a bit of traction already, it's often much easier to push it up a few notches than start from 200+ ranks.
Now the list is grouped based on those with some traction and those without, descending sorted by volume/competition.
Depending on the monthly budget of the project, we may now group them into short, medium and long term, based on the projected difficulty to get results.
The phrases are reviewed and recommended to clients, then adjusted based on their input.
Once agreed, those phrases are passed over to content for editorial calendaring, associated LSI terms assigned, playbook assignments, etc. Then the fun begins
