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View Full Version : Liquidation, directors who are also creditors


Shahkti
13th March 2008, 16:37
I have a situation that is causing me a headache and I'd really appreciate advice.

Background - startup company building new technology so >80% of outgoings are on salary and relatively small income at this stage. Company gets into debt but not in classic model of external trade creditors owed money for materials or services. Much of the debt is internal - deferred salaries and loans from company founders (who are also employees).

Finally, debt gets to point where company failing cash flow and balance sheet insolvency tests / getting risky for wrongful trading. Board opts to put it into creditors voluntary liquidation.

Bank (floating charge holder) gets paid first from assets / balance from founders' personal guarantees. Of the remainder, all are unsecured creditors. Money owed to founders makes up around 50% of total. Amount not important but let's say that is £250K. Founders now stone-broke (no salary and all spare money ploughed into company).

Last remaining asset is intellectual property rights (IPR). Liquidator has duty to obtain best possible value for asset, ensure best deal for creditors, etc. High probability that direct sale of IPR likely to raise no more than £20K. If back in hands of founders, IPR might be able to generate £100K over course of 12-15 months.

Now for the questions:

- If Liquidator was offered say £1K more than founders were able to afford in sale to other party, where would that leave the rights of the founders as major creditors? Could they block the sale?

- Founders loans are unsecured, but what stops them from insisting that, in return for the IPR, they'd be willing to write off the debt (which is 50% of the total).

- If the 50:50 nature of this is an issue, assume founders can get say another 10% and therefore a majority.

Advice for other people reading this - whenever you put money into your own company always make it a loan with interest and above all make sure that you put a debenture on the company and its assets in return. Just like the Bank does, in fact. Worse case, it may have to be negotiated out before a future investor buys shares in company. Best case, you get something back if/when it goes wrong.

Kevin Lucas
1st July 2008, 09:48
To answer your queries
1 - no not directly. a creditor can apply to court over the possible misfeasance of the liquidator if he fails to get the best price, but if it is they who miss out because he's sold it for a higher price than they will pay then unfortunately there is nothing they can do.
2 - nothing, but liquidator has a duty to all creditors and exchanging it for a write off of debt might in the best interest of creditors if it means they all get a larger share of other monies available as a result. If it's the only asset though then all cred's best off with a cash sale
3 - N/A given advice at 1.

I would be interested to know what company you are talking about as apart from the voluntary liquidation status, this actually sounds very, very similar to a compulsory liquidation where I am liquidator.

Lastly, I wholly agree with your last paragraph, why directors lend money to their company and do not register a debenture is beyond me. OK there may be future issues such as deeds of priority if they want subsequent bank lending meaning their security could in essence be worthless, but at least there is a chance they will have some priority of payment.
For anyone reading this post though, it is not advisable to put security in place for a loan you have already made or to repay your existing loan, lend again immediately with the security as this might be challengable on insolvency.

mikecollins
2nd July 2008, 21:25
Can some one expand on the way to register the loan to protect the lender?

Ian J
3rd July 2008, 08:32
Can some one expand on the way to register the loan to protect the lender?


You take a charge out over the assets of the company at the time you make a loan. The problem with doing this is any supplier worth his salt who performs a credit check could well refuse to deal with you on an unsecured basis as he can see that you have protected yourself at his expense.

Equally a bank or other financial institution could also take a very dim view of your actions as you are showing the world that you don't have sufficient faith in your own company to lend it money without security so why should anyone else.

The situation regarding the thread starter is pretty unsual as if the insolvency test is the company's ability to pay it's creditors on due date and from the sketchy details listed above it would seem that all the founders had to do was to extend the terms of their loans and they may well have been insolvent again. Again one shouldn't comment without being in receipt of the full facts but it would seem that a better course of action could well have been a CVA if the founders thought that there was a long term future for the company as that way their own investment would have been saved.

jjinlondon
18th July 2008, 17:05
You take a charge out over the assets of the company at the time you make a loan.

Um, sorry just jumped in on this thread a bit late. How do you take out a charge? Who do i go to about that (bearing in mind funds are kinda low.. ok nil... to pay solicitors at the moment).

Lime One
18th July 2008, 17:16
You raise a debenture and register it with Companies House. There are very low cost ways of doing this so get a quote from us at quotes@limeone.co.uk